Docker 基础使用

Docker 基础使用1. Docker 安装卸载1.1 虚拟机安装1.2 环境准备1.3 离线rpm安装docker1.3.1 执行安装1.3.2 启动1.3.3 测试docker1.3.4 配置镜像加速1.4 卸载Docker1.4.1 yum list installed|grep docker1.4.2 yum -y remove1.4.3 再次查看2. 镜像和容器基本操作2.1 docker信息2.2 镜像操作2.2.1 查询镜像2.2.2 镜像拉取2.2.3 镜像查看2.2.4 运行镜像生成容器2.2.5 删除本地镜像2.3 磁盘使用查看2.4 容器操作2.4.1 启动已终止的容器2.4.2 查看容器2.4.3 终止容器2.4.4 重启容器2.4.5 删除容器2.4.6 进入容器1. Docker 安装卸载1.1 虚拟机安装Centos7 安装1.2 环境准备关闭防火墙systemctl stop firewalld禁止防火墙systemctl disable firewalld关闭SELinuxvi /etc/selinux/config修改SELINUXdisabled重启reboot安装iptablesyum -y install iptables-services启动iptablessystemctl start iptables使能iptablessystemctl enable iptables清除防火墙规则iptables -F保持防火墙规则service iptables save更新系统yum -y update重启reboot1.3 离线rpm安装docker下载docker地址经rpm包拷贝到一个目录[rootlocalhost ~]# cd docker [rootlocalhost docker]# ll total 19096 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 19521288 May 24 03:13 docker-ce-17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 29108 May 24 03:13 docker-ce-selinux-17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos.noarch.rpm1.3.1 执行安装yum -y install *1.3.2 启动systemctl start docker systemctl enable docker systemctl status docker1.3.3 测试dockerdockerrun hello-world如果报错一般是镜像下载失败需要配置镜像加速1.3.4 配置镜像加速[rootlocalhost docker]# pwd /etc/docker [rootlocalhost docker]# ll total 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 105 May 24 04:49 daemon.json -rw------- 1 root root 244 May 24 03:19 key.json [rootlocalhost docker]#修改daemon.json(没有自己创建该文件){registry-mirrors:[http://hub-mirror.c.163.com]}修改完后执行systemctl daemon-reload systemctl restartdocker1.4 卸载Docker要确保容器停止docker container stop xxxdocker rm xxxdocker停止systemctl stop docker之后再执行下面操作1.4.1 yum list installed|grep docker[rootlocalhost docker]# yum list installed|grep docker docker-ce.x86_64 17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos /docker-ce-17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64 docker-ce-selinux.noarch 17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos /docker-ce-selinux-17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos.noarch1.4.2 yum -y removeyum -y remove docker-ce-selinux.noarch yum -y remove docker-ce.x86_641.4.3 再次查看[rootlocalhost docker]# yum list installed|grep docker [rootlocalhost docker]# docker -bash: /usr/bin/docker: No such file or directory2. 镜像和容器基本操作2.1 docker信息docker info[rootlocalhost docker]# docker info Containers: 0 ... Images: 0 Server Version: 17.03.0-ce ... Registry Mirrors: http://hub-mirror.c.163.com Live Restore Enabled: false2.2 镜像操作2.2.1 查询镜像docker search tomcat[rootlocalhost docker]# docker search tomcat NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementa... 2736 [OK] ...2.2.2 镜像拉取docker pull ubuntu:16.04$ docker pull [选项] [Docker Registry 地址[:端⼝]/]仓库名[:标签]2.2.3 镜像查看docker imagesdocker image lsREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE ubuntu 16.04 005d2078bdfa 4 weeks ago 125 MB ...2.2.4 运行镜像生成容器docker run ubuntu:16.04[rootlocalhost docker]# docker run -it --rm ubuntu:16.04 /bin/bash root71b85e29f790:/# cat /etc/os-release NAMEUbuntu VERSION16.04.6 LTS (Xenial Xerus) ...-d 后台运行 -it交互式终端操作 --rm 容器退出后便被删除2.2.5 删除本地镜像$ docker image rm [选项] 镜像1 [镜像2 ...] $ docker rmi 镜像名2.3 磁盘使用查看docker system df[rootlocalhost docker]# docker system df TYPE TOTAL ACTIVE SIZE RECLAIMABLE Images 2 2 124.7 MB 0 B (0%) Containers 3 0 0 B 0 B Local Volumes 0 0 0 B 0 B2.4 容器操作2.4.1 启动已终止的容器docker container start2.4.2 查看容器docker psdocker container lsdocker ps -adocker container ls -aCONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 16d80ed1acd8 ubuntu:16.04 /bin/bash 58 seconds ago Up 58 seconds zealous_dijkstradocker ps 和 docker container ls 一样docker ps -a 和 docker container ls -a 一样2.4.3 终止容器docker container stop2.4.4 重启容器docker container restart2.4.5 删除容器docker container rmdocker rm2.4.6 进入容器docker exec -it[rootlocalhost docker]# docker run -dit ubuntu:16.04 16d80ed1acd8903e91491ac5c9b50a640dc6059e3bfc8030531a49bd54211637 [rootlocalhost docker]# docker exec -it 16d80ed1acd8 bash root16d80ed1acd8:/# ls bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var root16d80ed1acd8:/# exit exit